History 103 *** AMERICAN HISTORY TO 1877 *** Dec. 9, 1996

THE CHALLENGE OF RECONSTRUCTION

I. Significance of the Emancipation Proclamation

II. July 1863: Military Turning Point, Social Backlash

• Gettysburg, Vicksburg
• New York City draft riots

III. Wartime Origins of Reconstruction

• Lincoln's preference for colonization
• Lincoln's plan for reintegrating rebellious states
• Wade-Davis bill and Lincoln's veto

IV. Reaffirming Northern Purpose: Presidential Election of 1864

• Republican anxieties
• Democrats nominate George McClellan
• Atlanta falls, Lincoln wins

V. Emancipation Confirmed and Extended

• Thirteenth Amendment (1865)
• Ex-slaves' experience of freedom

VI. Appomattox and Assassination (April 1865)

VII. Presidential Reconstruction (1865-66)

• Andrew Johnson's plan
• Southern response
• Black Codes
• Congressional response

VIII. Radicalization of Reconstruction

• Civil Rights Act of 1866
• Fourteenth Amendment
• Congressional elections of 1866
• Reconstruction Act of 1867

IX. Impeachment and Trial of President Johnson

X. Federal Commitment to Ex-Slaves at High Tide

• Black male suffrage in southern state constitutions
• Fifteenth Amendment (1869-70)
• Question of land redistribution