Intermediate waters
Other important water masses form at persistent convergences, where currents associated with subtropical gyres meet currents associated with high-latitude gyres
At Antarctic convergence, form Antarctic Intermediate Water
- Not as dense as bottom waters, so flows northward below surface waters but above bottom waters
- Extends to 20�N latitude
At Arctic convergence in Pacific, form North Pacific Intermediate Water
- Flows south to meet and mix with AAIW
Red Sea Water is a mass of warm, highly saline water with low dissolved oxygen that flows out of the Red Sea
- RSW flows southward, and is deflected above AAIW